Neovascularization, and are incorporated into injured vessels toīecome mature endothelial cells in response to tissue injury, which In addition, EPCs contribute directly and indirectly to Progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to angiogenesis by promoting There is increasing evidence that endothelial Prognosis, and the poor proliferation rate of NSCs has limited the

NSCs differentiate into, and the proportion, determines patient

Replace lost cells and become involved in anatomical regeneration The transplantation of NSCs into the injured sites can potentially NSCs are considered to be a potentialĬell therapy for reconstruction and regeneration of the brain and Stem cells (NSCs) at the site of damage proliferate andĭifferentiate into several neural cell types, including neurons,Īstrocytes and oligodendrocytes, which are important inĬell-replacement therapy for neurological dysfunction ( 2). Permanent deprivation in quality of life ( 1). Requires substantial long-term healthcare expenditure and leads to Spinal cord injury causes severe neurologicalĭysfunction, which affects patients and their families as it Taken together, the findings of the present study demonstrated that Wnt3a was critical for EPC‑mediated NSC proliferation and differentiation. By contrast, Wnt3a knockdown using a short hairpin RNA plasmid in the EPCs reduced EPC‑mediated NSC proliferation and differentiation, accompanied by inhibition of the EPC‑mediated expression of β‑catenin, and its phosphorylation and activation of GSK‑3β. In addition, co‑culture with EPCs markedly induced the expression levels of Wnt3a and β‑catenin and inhibited the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK‑3β). The results revealed that co‑culture with EPCs significantly induced NSC proliferation and differentiation. The wingless‑type MMTV integration site family, member 3a (Wnt3a)/β-catenin signaling pathway was analyzed by western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction to elucidate the possible mechanisms of EPC‑mediated NSC proliferation and differentiation. The number of neurospheres and the number of β‑tubulin III‑positive cells were detected by microscopy. The proliferation and differentiation of the NSCs were evaluated by an MTT cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assay, and immunofluorescence, respectively.

The present study aimed to determine whether co-culture with bone marrow‑derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) affects the proliferation and differentiation of spinal cord-derived neural stem cells (NSCs), and to investigate the underlying mechanism.

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